Grind coffee, add to cupping bowl and assess dry fragrance.

Start timer and add all water over 5 seconds.

At 10 seconds, inhale deeply with your nose close to the grounds. Allow 10 seconds for inhaling and a further 4 minutes for steeping.

At 4 minutes, break the crust by pushing spoon across the surface of the crust 3 times, while further assessing the wet aroma for 5 seconds.

Use 2 spoons to clear the crust from the surface. Allow to cool for a further 4–6 minutes.

To taste, gently scoop a spoonful of coffee from surface and slurp! Slurping aerates the coffee and also allows it cover the whole surface of your tongue.

Take notes and revisit the cups as they cool, as flavours develop and become more apparent at cooler temperatures. Clean spoon after each slurp.